Do Opioids Cause Constipation?

Opioids are powerful pain-relieving medications, but they often come with an unwanted side effect—constipation. Unlike other types of constipation, opioid-induced constipation (OIC) can be persistent and difficult to manage.

Why Do Opioids Cause Constipation?

Opioids slow down the digestive system by binding to receptors in the gut, reducing muscle contractions that move stool through the intestines. This results in harder stools, infrequent bowel movements, and increased discomfort. Unlike other causes of constipation, OIC does not always improve with diet and hydration alone.

Signs of Opioid-Induced Constipation

Common symptoms include infrequent bowel movements, hard or lumpy stools, straining during bowel movements, bloating, and abdominal discomfort. Some individuals may also experience nausea and a feeling of incomplete evacuation.

How to Prevent and Manage Opioid-Induced Constipation

Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water can help soften stools. Increasing fiber intake through fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can promote bowel regularity. However, fiber alone may not be enough to relieve OIC.

Regular physical activity stimulates digestion and can help prevent constipation. Taking short walks and engaging in gentle movement can make a difference.

Using over-the-counter laxatives or stool softeners may help, but for persistent symptoms, prescription medications specifically designed for OIC, such as naloxegol or methylnaltrexone, may be necessary.

For those managing incontinence related to severe constipation and overflow leakage, SPC incontinence products offer effective protection. SPC adult briefs provide reliable coverage, while SPC cleansing wipes ensure gentle, hygienic cleanup.

When to See a Doctor for Constipation

If constipation lasts more than a few days, causes severe discomfort, or leads to complications like fecal impaction, seeking medical advice is essential.

By understanding and addressing opioid-induced constipation, you can maintain digestive health while managing pain effectively.

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